Growth Hormone

Ghrelin

GHRL · Lenomorelin · Growth hormone-releasing peptide

Ghrelin is the endogenous 28-amino-acid "hunger hormone" secreted directly by gastric oxyntic cells. As the ultimate, natural biological ligand for the Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor (GHS-R1a), exogenous Ghrelin is essentially the blueprint from which all synthetic GHRPs (like Ipamorelin or GHRP-6) are derived. In clinical research, it is utilized to rapidly reverse severe cancer-induced cachexia, forcefully restart motility in paralyzed gastroparesis, and trigger massive systemic GH pulses.

Not FDA-approved - research chemical
Reviewed by CalcMyPeptide Editorial Team
Last updated: August 2026Evidence: Moderate1 peer-reviewed citation
Typical research dose
1-5 mcg/kg IV (research)
Frequency
Per study protocol
Half-life
Short (~10-15 minutes)
Common vials
5 mg
CAS
258279-04-8
Molecular weight
3370.9 g/mol

Use-case scores

0–10 against the evidence we have, not a gym ranking. Hidden domains do not apply here.

  • Metabolic / weight3/10

    Endogenous hunger hormone. Research infusions exist. Not MK-677 and not a wasting NDA on this leaf.

Compound card

Class
28-aa ghrelin (GHS-R1a endogenous ligand)
Formula
C149H249N47O42 (Acyl-Ghrelin)
Status
Not FDA-approved · research use
Dose it
5 mg + 2 mL BAC water → 2.5 mg/mL · 70 mcg ≈ 3 units (U-100)
Open in calculator

How it works

Ghrelin (the "hunger hormone") is a 28-amino-acid endogenous peptide produced primarily by endocrine cells in the stomach fundus. It requires octanoylation at its 3rd serine residue to become biologically active (acyl-ghrelin).

It works by binding the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHS-R1a) in the hypothalamus, triggering two dramatic effects: profound appetite stimulation (orexigenic effect) and potent growth hormone release from the pituitary. Because the actual ghrelin peptide is highly unstable and difficult to synthesize with its required lipid modification, synthetic GHRPs (like GHRP-6, GHRP-2, Ipamorelin) or non-peptides (Macimorelin) are used instead to stimulate the ghrelin receptor therapeutically.

Source: PMID: 10604470

Background & History

Ghrelin was discovered in 1999 by Masayasu Kojima and colleagues in rat stomach. It was the first known endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a), explaining how synthetic secretagogues like GHRP-6 worked. Ghrelin is now recognized as a key regulator of energy homeostasis, connecting gut-brain signaling for appetite, metabolism, and growth hormone release. Its role in cachexia (cancer-related wasting) has driven clinical trials.

Research Use Cases

  • ✓Cancer cachexia research
  • ✓Gastroparesis
  • ✓GH deficiency research
  • ✓Anorexia nervosa research
  • ✓Post-surgical ileus

Dosing

PhaseDoseFrequencyNotes
Reference OnlyN/AN/ANative ghrelin is rarely used exogenously due to instability. Synthetic secretagogues (GHRPs) or MK-677 are used to bind the ghrelin receptor.

Administration

Route / form
Produced endogenously by the stomach
Timing
Rises during fasting; drops after eating.
Empty stomach?
Yes - Empty stomach (typical for this injectable class).

Timeline

Immediate
Endogenous ghrelin surges prior to meals, triggering intense hunger and GH pulses.

Who it is for

Endogenous Marker

Moderate

Important mechanism for hunger and GH release, targeted by many other pharmacological peptides.

Reconstitution

VialWaterConcentrationExample dose
5 mg lyophilized2 mL BAC2.5 mg/mLResearch 28-mer. Unstable. Confirm the COA; many “ghrelin” listings are GHRPs.

Change vial size or water volume? Open the reconstitution calculator.

Safety & Considerations

Endogenous hormone. High ghrelin states (Prader-Willi syndrome) cause insatiable hunger. Modulated extensively by fasting, sleep, and medical peptides.

Regulatory & Legal Status

FDA Status (US)
Research Only
WADA Status (2026)
Not Listed

Not currently on the WADA 2026 Prohibited List. Policies may change - verify before competition.

Classification

Research Chemical

US Compounding: Not eligible / not available

⚠️ This information is for educational purposes only and may not reflect the most current regulatory updates. Always verify with official FDA, WADA, and jurisdiction-specific sources before use.

Limits of current evidence

  • Appetite is the feature. Do not market this as cutting.

Verdict

Ghrelin is the stomach hormone that makes you hungry and pulses GH. Ibupamorelin/MK-677/GHRP are ligands or mimetics, not this 28-mer. Not a fat-loss peptide.

Interactions & Contraindications

May increase appetite and food intake. Can cause transient hyperglycemia. Interacts with insulin and leptin signaling pathways. Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) inhibitors are being developed as anti-obesity agents.

Synergies & Common Stacks

GHRP-2 is a synthetic ghrelin receptor agonist - ghrelin is the endogenous ligand. They activate the same receptor but ghrelin has additional metabolic effects.

MK-677 is a non-peptide oral ghrelin mimetic. It provides sustained oral GHS-R1a activation that compensates for ghrelin's extremely short half-life.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is native ghrelin not used as a medicine?▼
It requires a specific fatty acid attachment to work, making it expensive and unstable to manufacture. Instead, scientists designed synthetic peptides (like GHRP-2, Ipamorelin) that bind the same receptor but are much more stable.

References

  1. Kojima M et al. “"Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach".” Nature (1999). PMID: 10604470

Looking for a trusted source? See our recommended suppliers

Independently tested · COA-verified · Save 10% with our exclusive code

See suppliers →